Azərbaycan və qonşu ərazilərdə GPS vasitəsilə yer qabığı deformasiyalarının 25 illik (1998-2022) monitorinqinin nəticələri
Qədirov F.1, Yetirmişli Q.3, Səfərov R.1, Məmmədov S.1, Kazımov I.3, Floyd M.2, Reylinger R.2, Kinq R.2
1 Azərbaycan Respublikasının Elm və Təhsil Nazirliyi, Geologiya və Geofizika Institutu, Azərbaycan AZ1143, Bakı, H.Cavid prosp., 119
2 Yer, atmosfer və planetlər elmləri fakültəsi, Massaçusets Texnologiya İnstitutu 54-918, ABŞ, Massaçusets, Kembric, Massaçusets Avenyu, 77
3 Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyasının Seysmik Kəşfiyyat Mərkəzi AZ1001, Bakı, N.Rəfibəyli küç., 25
DOI: 10.33677/ggianas20240100107
Xülasə
1998-ci ildən Azərbaycanda və ona bitişik ərazilərdə aparılan yer qabığı deformasiyalarının GPS monitorinq nəticələri təqdim edilmişdir. Əvvəlki tədqiqat işlərindən fərqli olaraq, burada daha çox fasiləsiz işləyən GPS stansiyaları və ölçü məntəqə məlumatları cəmlənmişdirki, bu da regionun əsas tektonik strukturlarının dinamikasını daha dəqiq müəyyən etməyə imkanvermişdir.
2006-cı ildən başlayaraq, Geologiya və Geofizika İnstitutu tərəfindən səkkiz fasiləsiz işləyən stansiya qurulmuşdur. 2012-ciildənisə Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası nəzrində Respublika Seysmoloji Xidmət Mərkəzi tərəfindən GPS stansiyalarının qurulmasına başlanmış və burada ümumilikdə 24 stansiya yaradılmışdır. 1998-ciildən 2022-ciilə qədər 35-dən çox ölçü məntəqəsində dəfələrlə müşahidələr aparılmışdır.
Böyük miqyasda, GPS sürət sahəsi Əsas Qafqaz Üstəgəlmə Qırılmasından (MCT) cənubda olmaqla Qafqaz və ona bitişik rayonların Avrasiyaya nəzərən şimal-şimal-şərq istiqamətində hərəkətini aydın şəkildə təsvir edir. Burada qeyd edilməli mühüm məqam Kür çökəkliyi və Talış bölgəsində Qərbi Xəzər qırılmasından (QXQ) qərbdə yerləşən məntəqələrlə QXQ-nin şərqində Abşeron yarımadasında yerləşən məntəqələr arasında sürətlərin kəskin azalması və saat əqrəbi istiqamətində fırlanmadır. GPS vektor istiqamətlərindəki bu azalma və fərq Abşeron yarımadasının cənubunda ~6 mm/il olmaqla deformasiyaların yüksək sürətlə toplanmasını göstərir. Belə hesab edirik ki, elastik enerjinin əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə toplanması bu regionda seysmik hadisələrin və palçıq vulkanlarının aktivləşməsinin səbəblərindəndir. Beləliklə, Şərqi Qafqazda, Kür çökəkliyində və Abşeron ərazisində toplanmış deformasiyanı və nəticədə seysmik təhlükəni daha dolğun qiymətləndirmək məqsədilə GPS müşahidə məntəqələrinin sıxlığının artırılmasına ehtiyac vardır.
Açar sözlər: Deformasiya, tektonik strukturlar, monitorinq, GPS, zəlzələ, seysmik təhlükə
ƏDABİYYƏT
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