The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of oil and gas prospecting and exploration activities in the Republic of Uzbekistan from the late 19th century to 2025. The study aims to identify the main patterns in the development of the geological exploration sector, assess the efficiency of hydrocarbon resource base replenishment, and determine the prospects for further reserve growth. The research is based on official statistical data, archival materials and results of geological exploration activities conducted during different periods. The dynamics of key production and geological indicators were analysed, including exploration drilling volumes, preparation of structures for deep drilling, oil and gas reserve growth, and the efficiency of exploration activities at various stages of industry development. The study identifies periods of intensive subsurface development associated with the discovery and commercial deve-lopment of major oil and gas fields, as well as stages of declining exploration activity accompanied by reductions in drilling volumes and reserve growth. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of conversion coefficients of forecast resources into commercial reserves, which show considerable variability over different time periods. The results demonstrate that actual reserve growth in several cases significantly exaceeded initial forecast estimates, indicating the need to improve methodological approaches to resource assessment and update the forecast resource base. The study confirms the high potential for further development of Uzbekistan’s oil and gas sector through intensified exploration activities and the implementation of modern resource modeling and assessment technologies.

Keywords: oil, gas, hydrocarbons, geological exploration, resources, reserves

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