The paper deals with the genesis, structure, geochemical and geophysical studies in the vicinity of Lokbatan mud volcano, situated in the SW of Absheron peninsula (Azerbaijan) and characterized by the very intensive mud volcanic activity.

Along with the earlier-stated ideas regarding the process of the mud volcano formation as well as the theory based on the properties of non-newtonian fluid, we had proposed own hypothesis. Here the water has a leading role in formation of the mud volcano: it discharges as a result of geodynamic pressure upon the terrigenous-clayey bed, forming the substances (breccia) with the lowest density respectively the surrounded lithological differences. Breccia is under the great pressures and tends to the day surface along the newly formed conduit, shaping a mud volcano.

The prevailing microcomponents in mud breccia are boron, mercury, manganese, barium, strontium, lithium. Their content is several times over the bulk earth values for the sedimentary rocks.

Using the field data of the vertical electrical sounding on 9 geophysical lines in 19 physical points within Lokbatan mud volcano, 3D models of the area of study had been compiled such as complete, random section, along X, Y and Z axes, and the morphological structure of the ground part of the described volcano.

Keywords: geophysics, mud volcano, electrical sounding, microelements, fracture, 3D model, gases

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