№ 1,
2022
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Оценка гидрогеофизических параметров пористого водоносного горизонта с использованием геоэлектрической методики на примере суббассейна Байджи-Тикрит, Ирак
1 - Управление по космосу и связи, Министерство науки и технологий, Багдад, Ирак 10070: zaidoon.taha@live.com
2 - Отдел прикладной геологии, Научный Колледж, Университет Тикрита, Тикрит, Ирак: dr.muhana@tu.edu.iq (M.M.A), sabbar.saleh@tu.edu.iq (S.A.S)
3 - Отдел геологии, Комиссия по атомной энергии, Дамаск, Сирия, P.O. Box 6091: jasfahani@aec.org.sy
Резюме
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Резюме. Подземные воды являются одним из альтернативных источников воды для компенсации дефицита поверхностных вод, который обычно исследуется геофизическими методами. В суббассейне Байджи-Тикрит, Ирак проведено геоэлектрическое исследование с применением метода вертикального электрического зондирования (VES) для определения мощности, простирания и гидравлических параметров основных водоносных горизонтов. Всего было выполнено 40 измерений ВЭЗ, распределенных вдоль шести геоэлектрических профилей с использованием конфигурации "Шлюмберже" с максимальным половинным интервалом в 400 м (AB/2 = 400 м), где была достигнута глубина проникновения 151 м. Кривые ВЭЗ обработаны и интерпретированы вручную методом вспомогательных точек и автоматически с помощью программного обеспечения IPI2win с использованием ручного инверсного моделирования для уменьшения отношения среднеквадратичных ошибок и повышения точности интерпретации. В результате инверсии было определено, что мощность основного водоносного горизонта составляет 50-128 м. Итоги интерпретации были использованы для построения шести геоэлектрических разрезов вдоль съемочного маршрута. Также было установлено, что основной водоносный горизонт района состоит из осадочных пород (песок, глинистый песок и глина), которые относятся к формации Инджан, и может меняться в районе от ограниченного типа к полуограниченному. Между геоэлектрическими и гидравлическими параметрами были установлены конкретные эмпирические соотношения. Они применяются для расчета гидравлической проводимости (K) и пропускной способности (T) среднего водоносного горизонта в районе исследования. Полученные значения K и T используются для отслеживания их пространственных изменений с целью выделения участков, пригодных для размещения новых скважин.
Ключевые слова: ВЭЗ, ручное обратное моделирование, гидрогеологические характеристики, пропускная способность, суббассейн Байджи-Тикрит, Ирак
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
Abdulrazzaq Z.T. Application of vertical electrical sounding to delineate and evaluate of aquifers characteristics in Baiji-Tikrit Basin. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tikrit, 2011,10 p.
Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Agbasi O.E., Aziz N.A., Etuk S.E. Identification of potential groundwater locations using geophysical data and fuzzy gamma operator model in Imo, Southeastern Nigeria. Applied Water Science, Vol. 10, No. 8, 2020a, 188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01264-6.
Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Al-Ansari N., Aziz N.A., Agbasi O.E., Etuk S.E. Estimation of main aquifer parameters using geoelectric measurements to select the suitable wells locations in Bahr Al-Najaf depression, Iraq. Groundwater for Sus-tainable Development, Vol. 11, 2020b, 100437, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100437.
Agbasi O.E., Aziz N.A., Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Etuk S. E. Integrated geophysical data and GIS technique to forecast the potential groundwater locations in part of South Eastern Nigeria. Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 60, No. 5, 2019, pp. 1013-1022.
Al-Ani A.A. The optimum investment of groundwater in Fatha-Samarra basin. M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 1997, 114 p.
AL-Awsi M.H. and Abdulrazzaq Z.T. Implementing electrical resistivity tomography to delineate soil contamination zone, Southern Baqubah City, Iraq. Kuwait Journal of Science, Vol. 49, No. 2, 2022, https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.10674.
Al-Janabi M.A.J. Hydrochemistry of the unconfined aquifer and the relationship of unsaturated zone sediments on the groundwater quality in Tikrit – Samara basin, Ph.D. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 2008, 154 p.
Al-Jobori N.H. Hydrogeological conditions of Baiji-Tikrit sub basin, M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Tikrit, 2011, 164 p.
Al-Kadhimi J.A.M., Sissakian V.K., Satter A.F., Diekran D.B. Tectonic map of Iraq, Scale 1:1,000,000. 2nd Edition, GEOSURV, Baghdad, 1996.
Al-Minshid F.H.K. Groundwater study of Al-Dhibaee area using electrical survey and pumping test wells. M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 2001, 119 p.
Basi M.A. and Karim S.A. The stage report of the local geological survey, Vol. 2, 1990, Laboratory Studies.
Bobachev C. "IPI2Win": a Windows software for an automatic interpretation of resistivity sounding data. PhD tesis, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 2002, 320 p.
Buday T. and Jassim S. Tectonic map of Iraq (A), scale 1:1000000. Iraq Geol. Surv. Publ., Baghdad, 1984.
de Almeida A., Maciel D.F., Sousa K.F., Nascimento C.T.C., Koide S. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) for estimation of hydraulic parameters in the porous aquifer. Water, Vol. 13, No.2, 2021, 170, https://doi.org/10.3390/w13020170
Gaikwad S., Pawar N.J., Bedse P., Wagh V., Kadam A. Delineation of groundwater potential zones using vertical electrical sounding (VES) in a complex bedrock geological setting of the West Coast of India. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2021, pp. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/ s40808-021-01223-3
Hamza N.M., Lawa F., Yacoub S.Y., Mussa A.Z., Fouad S.F. Regional geological stage report. SEGESMI, Baghdad. Project C.E.S.A., Geological Activity, No. 2023 of Iraq Geol. Surv. Libr. Rep., 1990.
Jassim S.Z., Goff J. Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum. Brno, 2006, 341 p.
Keller G.V. Application of resistivity methods in mineral and groundwater exploration program. Mining and Groundwater Geophysics, Geological Survey of Canada, No. 26, 1967, pp. 51-66.
Kosinski W.K., Kelly W.E. Geoelectric soundings for predicting aquifer properties. Groundwater, Vol. 19, 1981, pp. 163-171.
Lech M., Skutnik Z., Bajda M., Markowska-Lech K. Applications of electrical resistivity surveys in solving selected geotechnical and environmental problems. Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 7, 2020, 2263, https://doi.org/10.3390/ app10072263.
Orellana E., Mooney H.M. Master tables and curves for vertical electrical sounding over layered structures. Interciencia. Madrid, Spain, 1966, 34 p.
Oudeika M.S., Taşdelen S., Güngör M., Aydin A. Integrated vertical electrical sounding and hydrogeological approach for detailed groundwater pathways investigation: Gökpınar Dam Lake, Denizli, Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 182, 2021, 104273, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafrearsci.2021.104273.
Soomro A., Qureshi A.L., Jamali M.A., Ashraf A. Groundwater investigation through vertical electrical sounding at hilly area from Nooriabad toward Karachi. Acta Geophysica, Vol. 67, No. 1, 2019, pp. 247-261., https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11600-019-00247-9.
Virupaksha H.S., Lokesh K.N. Electrical resistivity, remote sensing and geographic information system approach for mapping groundwater potential zones in coastal aquifers of Gurpur watershed. Geocarto International, Vol. 36, No. 8, 2021, pp. 888-902, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019. 1624986.
Youssef M.A.S. Geoelectrical analysis for evaluating the aquifer hydraulic characteristics in Ain El-Soukhna area, West Gulf of Suez, Egypt. NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2020, pp. 85-98.
Zohdy A.A.R. A new method for the automatic interpretation of Schlumberger and Wenner sounding curves. Geophysics, Vol. 54, No. 2, 1989, pp. 245-253.
Zohdy A.A.R., Bisdorf R.J. Schlumberger soundings near Medicine Lake, California. Geophysics, Vol. 55, No. 8, 1990, pp. 956-964.
DOI:
10.33677/ggianas20220100068
Ключевые слова: ВЭЗ, ручное обратное моделирование, гидрогеологические характеристики, пропускная способность, суббассейн Байджи-Тикрит, Ирак
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
Abdulrazzaq Z.T. Application of vertical electrical sounding to delineate and evaluate of aquifers characteristics in Baiji-Tikrit Basin. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tikrit, 2011,10 p.
Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Agbasi O.E., Aziz N.A., Etuk S.E. Identification of potential groundwater locations using geophysical data and fuzzy gamma operator model in Imo, Southeastern Nigeria. Applied Water Science, Vol. 10, No. 8, 2020a, 188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01264-6.
Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Al-Ansari N., Aziz N.A., Agbasi O.E., Etuk S.E. Estimation of main aquifer parameters using geoelectric measurements to select the suitable wells locations in Bahr Al-Najaf depression, Iraq. Groundwater for Sus-tainable Development, Vol. 11, 2020b, 100437, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100437.
Agbasi O.E., Aziz N.A., Abdulrazzaq Z.T., Etuk S. E. Integrated geophysical data and GIS technique to forecast the potential groundwater locations in part of South Eastern Nigeria. Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol. 60, No. 5, 2019, pp. 1013-1022.
Al-Ani A.A. The optimum investment of groundwater in Fatha-Samarra basin. M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 1997, 114 p.
AL-Awsi M.H. and Abdulrazzaq Z.T. Implementing electrical resistivity tomography to delineate soil contamination zone, Southern Baqubah City, Iraq. Kuwait Journal of Science, Vol. 49, No. 2, 2022, https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.10674.
Al-Janabi M.A.J. Hydrochemistry of the unconfined aquifer and the relationship of unsaturated zone sediments on the groundwater quality in Tikrit – Samara basin, Ph.D. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 2008, 154 p.
Al-Jobori N.H. Hydrogeological conditions of Baiji-Tikrit sub basin, M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Tikrit, 2011, 164 p.
Al-Kadhimi J.A.M., Sissakian V.K., Satter A.F., Diekran D.B. Tectonic map of Iraq, Scale 1:1,000,000. 2nd Edition, GEOSURV, Baghdad, 1996.
Al-Minshid F.H.K. Groundwater study of Al-Dhibaee area using electrical survey and pumping test wells. M.Sc. thesis, college of science, University of Baghdad, 2001, 119 p.
Basi M.A. and Karim S.A. The stage report of the local geological survey, Vol. 2, 1990, Laboratory Studies.
Bobachev C. "IPI2Win": a Windows software for an automatic interpretation of resistivity sounding data. PhD tesis, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 2002, 320 p.
Buday T. and Jassim S. Tectonic map of Iraq (A), scale 1:1000000. Iraq Geol. Surv. Publ., Baghdad, 1984.
de Almeida A., Maciel D.F., Sousa K.F., Nascimento C.T.C., Koide S. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) for estimation of hydraulic parameters in the porous aquifer. Water, Vol. 13, No.2, 2021, 170, https://doi.org/10.3390/w13020170
Gaikwad S., Pawar N.J., Bedse P., Wagh V., Kadam A. Delineation of groundwater potential zones using vertical electrical sounding (VES) in a complex bedrock geological setting of the West Coast of India. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2021, pp. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/ s40808-021-01223-3
Hamza N.M., Lawa F., Yacoub S.Y., Mussa A.Z., Fouad S.F. Regional geological stage report. SEGESMI, Baghdad. Project C.E.S.A., Geological Activity, No. 2023 of Iraq Geol. Surv. Libr. Rep., 1990.
Jassim S.Z., Goff J. Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum. Brno, 2006, 341 p.
Keller G.V. Application of resistivity methods in mineral and groundwater exploration program. Mining and Groundwater Geophysics, Geological Survey of Canada, No. 26, 1967, pp. 51-66.
Kosinski W.K., Kelly W.E. Geoelectric soundings for predicting aquifer properties. Groundwater, Vol. 19, 1981, pp. 163-171.
Lech M., Skutnik Z., Bajda M., Markowska-Lech K. Applications of electrical resistivity surveys in solving selected geotechnical and environmental problems. Applied Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 7, 2020, 2263, https://doi.org/10.3390/ app10072263.
Orellana E., Mooney H.M. Master tables and curves for vertical electrical sounding over layered structures. Interciencia. Madrid, Spain, 1966, 34 p.
Oudeika M.S., Taşdelen S., Güngör M., Aydin A. Integrated vertical electrical sounding and hydrogeological approach for detailed groundwater pathways investigation: Gökpınar Dam Lake, Denizli, Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences, Vol. 182, 2021, 104273, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jafrearsci.2021.104273.
Soomro A., Qureshi A.L., Jamali M.A., Ashraf A. Groundwater investigation through vertical electrical sounding at hilly area from Nooriabad toward Karachi. Acta Geophysica, Vol. 67, No. 1, 2019, pp. 247-261., https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11600-019-00247-9.
Virupaksha H.S., Lokesh K.N. Electrical resistivity, remote sensing and geographic information system approach for mapping groundwater potential zones in coastal aquifers of Gurpur watershed. Geocarto International, Vol. 36, No. 8, 2021, pp. 888-902, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019. 1624986.
Youssef M.A.S. Geoelectrical analysis for evaluating the aquifer hydraulic characteristics in Ain El-Soukhna area, West Gulf of Suez, Egypt. NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2020, pp. 85-98.
Zohdy A.A.R. A new method for the automatic interpretation of Schlumberger and Wenner sounding curves. Geophysics, Vol. 54, No. 2, 1989, pp. 245-253.
Zohdy A.A.R., Bisdorf R.J. Schlumberger soundings near Medicine Lake, California. Geophysics, Vol. 55, No. 8, 1990, pp. 956-964.